Chapter 4 涓嶅啀瑙?/h1>

宀佹湀鍖嗗寙娴侀濓紝涓嶇煡涓嶈浠栦滑鐨勫皬瀛︽椂鍏夊緢蹇氨缁撴潫浜嗐傞檲鏋楅敠鍘熸湰浠ヤ负鍏勾宸茬粡鏄緢闀跨殑涓涓懆鏈燂紝娌℃兂鍒颁篃鏄竴杞溂灏辫繃鍘讳簡锛屾病鏈夋椂闂寸粰濂规蹇点?br />

閭ｆ鏃堕棿锛屽ソ鍍忔病鏈変汉鍦ㄥ叧蹇冪潃姣曚笟鑰冭瘯锛屽叏鐝彧娴佽鐫涓浠朵簨鎯呪斺斿啓鍚屽褰曘?br />

鏈夌殑浜哄湪鏂囧叿搴楃簿蹇冩寫閫変簡姣忎竴椤甸兘鏈夌潃涓汉淇℃伅鍒嗘爮濂界湅鐨勬椿椤垫湰鍚屽褰曪紝鏈夌殑浜哄彧鏄殢渚挎嬁浜嗕釜鏈瓙璁╁悓瀛﹀湪姣忎竴椤典笂鐣欎笅鎯宠鐨勮瘽銆?br />

闄堟灄閿︿拱浜嗕竴鏈矇绾㈣壊鏋佷负灏戝コ蹇冪殑娲婚〉鏈悓瀛﹀綍锛屾瘡澶╁拰鍏朵粬鍚屽浜掔浉浜ゆ崲鐫鍐欙紝閭ｅ嚑澶╂娊灞夐噷鍏ㄦ槸涓寮犲張涓寮犻鏍煎悇寮傜殑鍚屽褰曠焊寮狅紝寰寰绗竴闈㈡槸涓汉淇℃伅鐨勫～鍐欙紝鑳岄潰鍒欐槸涓澶х墖绌虹櫧鐨勭暀瑷鏉裤傛瘡涓汉濉潃QQ銆佹墜鏈哄彿鐮併佸搴綇鍧銆佽嚜宸辩殑鍋跺儚銆佸枩娆㈢殑姝屻佸枩娆㈢殑鐢靛奖锛岀劧鍚庣炕鍒扮浜岄潰缁炲敖鑴戞眮鍦扮暀涓嬩笌浼椾笉鍚岀殑鍚屽褰曠暀瑷銆?br />

绉︾劧缁欓檲鏋楅敠鍐欑殑闈炲父璁╁ス鎰熷埌缇炶伙紝閭ｄ竴寮犲ぇ澶х殑绾镐笂锛岀Е鐒剁敤鍚勭棰滆壊鐨勮崸鍏夌瑪涓琛屾枩鐫涓琛岀殑鍐欙細鍝庡憖鍛鍛鎴戞渶鏈鏈濂界殑鏈嬪弸闄堟灄閿︼紒鈥︹︹︹︹︹︿綘浠涔堟椂鍊欏拰灏忛【椤剧粨濠氬憪鍛愬憪锝烇綖锝炰粬鍙枩娆綘浜嗗憿锛佹湯浜嗚繕鍔犱笂涓鍙ワ細绁濅綘浠棭鐢熻吹瀛愶紝鐧惧勾濂藉悎锛佹帴杩炶窡鐫涓涓插潖绗戠殑琛ㄦ儏銆?br />

闄堟灄閿︽睏棰溿?br />

鍏朵粬浜烘墦鎵撹叮鍦ㄥス鐨勫悓瀛﹀綍涓婂啓濂瑰拰椤炬涔熷氨绠椾簡锛屾庝箞杩炵Е鐒惰繖涓浼欎篃杩欎箞鍐欍?br />

鍙檲鏋楅敠鐨勫績閲屼笉鏄病鏈変竴鐐瑰崐鐐圭殑寮蹇冪殑銆?br />

濂圭粰寰堝浜虹殑鍚屽褰曚笂鍐欑潃鍚勭鈥滅櫨浜嬪彲涔愨濃滃崈浜嬪彲涔愨濃滀竾浜嬪彲涔愨濓紝杩樿鎶婂瓧閲屾墍鏈夌殑妯殑绗斿垝杩炴垚涓鏉＄嚎锛屽ソ鍍忚繖鍦ㄥ綋鏃舵槸鏈娴佽鐨勫啓娉曘傝繕鏈夌殑瑁呬綔寰堟偛浼ょ殑鍐欑潃鈥滀粖鍚庢垜浠兘瑕佸悇濂斾笢瑗匡紝浣嗏斺斿嬁蹇樻垜锛佲濈劧鍚庤窡鐫涓澶у爢鐢荤殑绋濂囧彜鎬殑琛ㄦ儏鍜岄鏂囧瓧銆?br />

缁欓【妗鐨勫悓瀛﹀綍鍒欐槸娲嬫磱娲掓磼灏嗚繎鍐欐弧浜嗕竴鏁撮〉锛屾繁鍒昏〃绀轰簡濂瑰椤炬鍦ㄥ皬瀛﹀叚骞撮棿鍚勪釜鏂归潰鐨勬劅璋互鍙婂緢寮蹇冭窡浠栧仛浜嗗叚骞寸殑鍚屾鍟︿簯浜戯紝濂圭殑灏忓瓧瀵嗗瘑楹婚夯姣棤绔犳硶鍙█鍦板嚑涔庡竷婊′簡鏁撮〉绾革紝涓瀛椾竴鍙ユ倓鍜挭鍦拌瘔璇寸潃濂瑰椤炬鐨勫枩娆紝灏界閭ｆ椂鐨勯檲鏋楅敠涔熷苟娌℃湁鎰忚瘑鍒伴偅鏄竴绉嶅枩娆?br />

閭ｆ椂鏈変竴涓儌澶ц鐨勬晠浜嬭锛屼竴涓コ鐢熷湪楂樹腑鏃舵殫鎭嬩竴涓敺鐢燂紝姣曚笟鏃跺コ鐢熺粰浜嗙敺鐢熶竴寮犲悓瀛﹀綍锛岀敺鐢熷啓瀹屽氨杩樼粰浜嗗コ鐢熴?br />

濂崇敓濂藉鐨勭湅浜嗙暀瑷锛屽彂鐜扮敺鐢熷氨鍐欎簡涓涓滄偍鈥濆瓧锛屽ス寰堝け鏈涖?br />

绛夊埌濂崇敓鏈変簡瀛╁瓙锛屽ス鏁欏瀛愬啓鐨勭涓涓瓧灏辨槸鎮紝灏忓寰楁剰鐨勮锛屽濡堬紝杩欎釜瀛楀お濂借浜嗭紝涓嶅氨鏄滃績涓婃湁浣犫濅箞銆傝繖鏃跺コ瀛╁摥浜嗐?br />

鍚笂鍘诲緢娴极鐨勬牱瀛愶紝椤炬浼氫笉浼氫篃缁欏ス鍐欎竴涓滄偍鈥濆憖銆?br />

涓嶇敱寰楁殫鏆楁湡寰呴【妗缁欏ス鍐欑殑鍚屽褰曚細鏄粈涔堟牱銆?br />

缁撴灉杩囦簡鍑犲ぉ锛岄檲鏋楅敠閮藉揩蹇樹簡濂硅繕鏈変竴寮犲悓瀛﹀綍椤炬杩熻繜鏈啓缁欏ス锛屽ス鎵嶆敹鍒拌繖鏈鍚庣殑涓寮犲悓瀛﹀綍銆?br />

姝ｉ潰鏄櫘閫氱殑涓汉淇℃伅浠嬬粛锛岄檲鏋楅敠甯︾潃鏈熷緟缈诲埌鑳岄潰锛屽嵈鍙戠幇鍋屽ぇ鐨勭焊涓婂彧鏈夊洓涓瓧銆?br />

鍓嶇▼浼奸敠銆?br />

鎼炰粈涔堬紵杩欎箞澶氬ぉ椤炬灏辨唻鍑烘潵浜嗚繖涔堝嚑涓瓧锛熻繕鏄竴涓瀬鍏朵功闈㈠寲鐨勬暦琛嶇绂忥紵娌℃湁涓鐐圭湡鎯呭疄鎰熸祦闇茬殑鍚楋紵

鏋滅劧杩樻槸瀵逛粬鏈熷緟鍊煎お楂樹簡銆?br />

鈥斺斺斺斺?br />

璁稿骞村墠鍙戠敓杩囩殑寰堝浜嬫儏锛岄檲鏋楅敠閮戒笉鎬庝箞璁板緱浜嗭紝鍦ㄩ檲鏋楅敠鐨勮剳娴烽噷鍞竴娓呮櫚鐨勶紝灏辨槸姣曚笟閭ｅぉ浜嗐?br />

鏇剧粡浠ヤ负灏忓