Chapter 1 澶忔棩鏆撮洦

闄や簡涓瑙侀挓鎯呭锛屾垜鎯充笉鍒颁换浣曞姙娉曘?br />

鈥斺旈璁?br />

閭ｆ槸鏆撮洦鐨勫鏃ュ崍鍚庯紝闆ㄦ按宄荤儓鍦扮牳鍚戝湴闈紝涓嶇暀鎯呴潰锛屽摋鍟︾殑闆ㄥ０寰潃椹矾娌跨嚎娑屽叆鍦颁笅銆?br />

涓澶ф棭鐪嬭繃澶╂皵棰勬姤渚垮甫浜嗛洦浼炲嚭闂ㄧ殑瑷鍗堝湪闆ㄦ笎娓愬瘑闆嗙殑鏃跺欓『鍔挎嫄杩涘彸鎵嬭竟鐨勪功搴楋紝鍚堜紴鐨勫姩浣滃儚鏌虫潯鎶芥灊鑸紦鎱㈢粏鑷达紱娌″甫浠讳綍琛屾潕锛屽垰涓嬮鏈烘嫤浜嗚溅鐩村璁板繂涓功搴楃殑璁告ň鍦ㄩ斾腑閬囧埌浜嗘睙鍩庣殑绗竴鍦哄瀛ｆ毚闆紝涓嬭溅鍚庢病鏈夐夋嫨锛屽彧鏈夊啿杩涗功搴椼?br />

婊傛脖鐨勯洦澹伴殧浜嗕竴鎵囩幓鐠冨惉璧锋潵鍙儚涓闃电媯鎯虫洸锛岃█鍗堢┛鐨剅oarguns榛戣壊T鎭わ紝姝ｉ潰鏄袱鏉嗕氦鍙夌煭鏋厤绾㈢溂鍏斿瓙锛岄厤涓鏉¤棌闈掕壊鐨勭墰浠旈暱瑁わ紝瓒跨潃涓鍙屼汉瀛楁嫋锛屾墜鎸囩┛姊湪涓嶅悓鐨勮叞灏佷笂锛孴鎭ゅ鏉撅紝闅忕潃鍙虫墜鎶捣锛岄鍙ｄ究绋嶇◢鍋忓悜宸﹁竟锛岄攣楠ㄤ豢浣涢殣浜嗕竴鍗婅韩褰㈠湪涔屼簯閲岀殑鏈堢墮锛屽乏鎵嬮殢鎰忓湴鎻掑湪鍏滈噷锛屽拰鎵嬫満涓ヤ笣瀵嗗悎锛屼紶缁熺殑鐧借壊鑰虫満绾夸竴璺溈铚掑悜涓婏紝闅愭病鍦ㄩ暱鐭按灏繃鑰冲厖鍒嗗嵈鍙堝皻鏈強鑲╄倖鎰忕敓闀跨殑鐭彂閲岋紝鍙戣壊涓嶆槸绾鐨勪箤榛戯紝鐢氳嚦鏈変簺鍋忛粍鐨勫ご鍙戝す鏉傚叾涓紝浣嗕篃璁告槸婧呭埌浜涢洦鐨勭紭鏁咃紝鍙戜笣灏剧绮樺悎澶勫嚑缂曪紝榛戝婕嗐傛寚灏栦竴璺琛岋紝鍋滅暀鍦ㄧ孩鐧借壊锛岀畻涓嶅緱鑵板皝鐨勩婄孩鎷傚濂斻嬨傝█鍗堝洜涓鸿繖鏍风殑鎯婂枩鑰屽集浜嗗槾瑙掞紝绗戞剰娓呮祬锛屼粠鍓嶅熷嚭鐨勯偅鏈笅钀戒笉鏄庯紝鍦ㄤ粖澶╁讥琛ュ洖鍘汇傛娊鍑烘潵锛屽線缁撹处鍙拌蛋銆?br />

鍗充究鏄竴涓ょ背鐨勮窛绂伙紝璁告ň鐪嬬潃杞︾獥澶栫殑鏆撮洦锛岃繕鏄喅瀹氬啿杩涗功搴楋紝姣曠珶涓鍒簲骞达紝鐒跺悗鏁呬汉瀵绘晠灞呯殑鍐插姩灏嗕粬娣嬩簡涓粠澶村埌灏俱傜櫧鑹茬殑T鎭よ闆ㄦ按鎵撴箍锛屼笂鍗婇儴鍒嗗ぇ澶氱矘鍦ㄨ韩涓婏紝鑲岀悊闅愰殣鑻ョ幇锛岃兏鍓嶆槸绾㈣壊鐨勭埍蹇冿紝閲岄潰鐢荤潃涓ゅ彧鐪肩潧锛屽師鏈祬钃濈殑鐗涗粩瑁ゅ洜涓洪洦姘磋屾枒椹充簡鍑犵墖娣辫摑锛屽ご鍙戝綋鐒朵笉鑳藉垢鍏嶄簬闅俱備粬绔欏湪涓鍧楃伆鑹茬殑姣涙鍦版涓婏紝澶村彂鍜岃。瑙掕仛璧锋按鐝狅紝鐪肩潧鍥犱负闆ㄦ按涔熸樉寰楁箍婕夋級鐨勩?br />

瑷鍗堝湪浠橀挶鏃跺亸澶存湜鍚戦棬鍙ｏ紝鏈鏄竴涓湅璧锋潵娓呯函鏃犲娓╂煍鍨嬪皯骞达紝鍗村洜涓哄鏂规姮澶存椂锛屽皢棰濆墠婀挎級婕夌殑榛戝彂鎷ㄥ埌鍚庨潰锛屼篃璁告槸鏃朵笅鐑О鈥滃ぇ鑳屽ご鈥濈殑娆惧紡锛屼絾鍗存瘮绮捐鏉傚織鐪嬭捣鏉ラ殢鎰忓緱澶氾紝闇插嚭鍓嶉鍜岄攱閿愮殑鐪夌溂锛屽浜嗕竴鍒嗙嫛榛犱笌杩戜箮鍘嬭揩鎬х殑鐩厜銆備袱浜哄瑙嗕竴鐪笺傝█鍗堝唴蹇冨舰寮忎笂鏆楅亾涓澹颁笉濂斤紝濂藉儚鏄嚜宸卞枩娆㈢殑绫诲瀷锛屽疄闄呬笂杩樻槸浠ヤ竴绉嶈繎涔庢璧忕殑琛屼负锛岃瀵熻繖涓绉嶁滅編鈥濄?br />

瑷鍗堟槸鏉傚織绀剧殑缂栬緫锛屾槸涓浣嶇綉鏂囦綔鑰咃紝鍚庤呯殑韬唤璁╁ス瀵瑰竻鐢烽潛濂崇殑闀跨浉鎬绘槸澶氫竴鍒嗚瀵熴傞棬鍙ｆ穻婀夸簡鐨勫皯骞达紝鐪嬭捣鏉ョ害鑾槸澶у鐢熺殑鍏夋櫙銆傚緢涔呬箣鍓嶈鍒扮殑鍙ュ瓙绐佺劧鏈変簡褰㈣薄鈥斺斺滃博宀╄嫢瀛ゆ澗涔嬬嫭绔嬧濓紝鏁翠釜浜虹湅璧锋潵鎸烘嫈鑰岀氦缁嗭紝涔熻绾ょ粏涓嶅簲鐢ㄦ潵褰㈠鐢峰瓙锛屽挨鍏舵槸鐢ㄦ潵褰㈠鐪煎墠杩欎綅锛屼笂琛ｈ闆ㄦ按鎵撴箍鑰岄忛湶鍑轰富浜哄苟闈炩滆挷鏌充箣濮库濄傚ス浠樺ソ浜嗘锛屽彸鎵嬫彙浣忎功鑴婏紝鎵ｅ湪鑳稿墠锛屽儚鏄畧鎶ゅ績鐖变箣鐗╋紝鏈濈潃闂ㄥ彛璧板幓銆?br />

璁告ň鏈涚潃鐪煎墠姝ｅ湪浠橀挶鐨勫コ瀛愶紝澶ф165鐨勪釜瀛愶紝濂藉儚鍙互鍒氬ソ澶熷埌鑷繁鐨勪笅宸淬傝儗閮ㄦ尯鎷旓紝绗旂洿鐨勫弻鑵跨粏闀匡紝鍥犱负瓒跨潃鎷栭瀷鑰岄湶鍑虹殑涓鎴剼韪濆湪钘忚摑鑹查暱瑁ょ殑鏄犺‖涓嬶紝鐧界殑鍍忛洩灞遍噷闅愬尶韪抗鐨勫皬鐙愮嫺銆傚ご鍙戝洜涓洪洦鍔匡紝鏈変竴鐐规潅涔憋紝鍢涳紝涓嶈繃姣旇捣鑷繁缁濆鏄濂藉緱澶氾紝璁告ň涓嶇鑵硅閬撱傚鏂圭獊鐒跺亸杩囧ご鏉ワ紝瑙嗙嚎鐩告挒锛屾槑鏄庢槸鎺㈢┒鎵撻噺鑷繁鐨勭溂鍏夛紝璁告ň鍗翠粠涓湅鍒颁簡鐤忕锛屼豢浣涘ス缃韩浜嬪锛屽湪浠ユ暟鎹弿鎽硅嚜宸便備粬鐪嬪埌濂规湞闂ㄥ彛璧版潵锛屽崟鎵嬫姳涔﹀湪鑳稿墠锛岄湶鍑虹殑鎸囪妭绾ょ粏鑰屾湁楠ㄦ劅銆傚湪濂瑰皢宸︽墜浼稿悜浼炴灦鐨勬椂鍊欙紝楝间娇绁炲樊鑸粬鍋忚韩鎻′綇浜嗗ス鐨勬墜鑵曘?br />